ABSTRACT

Introduction: although tuberculosis is preventable and curable, this infection represents the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. The interruption of public health services caused by the COVID-19 pandemic globally reversed the gradual progress that had been achieved in reducing mortality and the incidence of drug-resistant tuberculosis has not been completely determined. Objective: to determine the presence of comorbidities and their association with antimicrobial resistance in tuberculosis in 2022. Material and methods: a total of 480 cases diagnosed through molecular diagnosis (PCR), microbiological culture, M. tuberculosis isolation, and drug susceptibility testing, reported by UIBMZ-IMSS in the epidemiological surveillance laboratory during the period from January to December 2022. Results: a total of 480 tuberculosis cases diagnosed in Mexico in 2022 were analyzed, with 46.88% showing antimicrobial resistance. The most common resistance was to streptomycin (11.67%), followed by pyrazinamide (6.46%), while resistance to isoniazid and ethambutol was lower. It was found that 5.63% of the cases showed resistance to more than three drugs. Resistant tuberculosis was associated with comorbidities such as immunosuppression and drug use. Conclusions: the present study emphasizes the need to adjust health policies to control drug-resistant tuberculosis, focused on vulnerable populations, mainly immunosuppressed people, or people with addictions.

KEYWORDS

tuberculosis, incidence, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, multidrug-resistance, comorbidity.

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